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Vascular Research

The 2019 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine recognized scientific discovery of “how cells sense and adapt to oxygen availability”.  In physiology, oxygen and other gaseous signaling molecules (CO2, NO, and CO) regulate vascular homeostasis by modulating:

  • vasodilation and vasoconstriction
  • vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression
  • angiogenesis and vasculogenesis
  • endothelial cell differentiation
  • vascular smooth muscle cell phenotype
  • cell-cell junction adhesion
  • reactive oxygen species (ROS) production

Vascular researchers control hypoxia, hyperoxia, physioxia, hypercapnia, nitric oxide, and carbon monoxide to carry out pathophysiological models (in vitro & in vivo) of: atherosclerosis, cardiac infarction, cerebrovascular disease, ischemia-reperfusion injury, oxidative stress, oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR), pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), tumor angiogenesis, and wound ischemia.

Cell Equipment

ProOx C21 & C-Chamber

The ProOx C21 & C-Chamber system provides vascular scientists the ability to control static levels of O2/CO2 in subchambers that fit within cell culture incubators without increasing the lab’s equipment footprint. Add two or more ProOx C21 & C-Chamber subchamber systems to an incubator for simultaneous experiments at multiple oxygen levels.


Carry out dynamic or intermittent cell-based hypoxia (or hyperoxia) models with the OxyCycler C42 & C-Chamber system that can added to any existing CO2 incubator. Configure OxyCycler C42 & C-Chamber with up to two incubator subchambers for performing separate O2 experiments at the same time.


Xvivo System

The Xvivo System X3 is a hypoxia/physioxia workstation that combines cell incubators with hoods and cabinets where non-interrupted O2/CO2 conditions are maintained throughout the entire cell experiment. Outfit the Xvivo System Model X3 with two (or more) hypoxia incubators for simultaneous experiments at different O2 tensions. Modular hoods connect with incubators so vascular researchers can handle cells and analyze them under the same conditions found in the incubator.

Animal Equipment

ProOx 360 & A-Chamber

Control static hypoxia (or hyperoxia) in vivo with the ProOx 360 & A-Chamber. For vascular studies, select a standard-sized chamber or ask about custom sizes designed to meet varying throughput needs or fit within precious vivarium space.


OxyCycler A84XOV & A-Chamber

OxyCycler A84XOV & A-Chamber allows in vivo exposures with: intermittent hypoxia, hypoxia/reoxygenation, or ‘swings’ between hypoxia and hyperoxia (50/10 model). Control dynamic O2 levels in 1-4 chambers at the same time. Optional Monitor Pod records environmental conditions inside chamber: parts per million carbon dioxide (CO2 ppm), relative humidity (RH), temperature, and remote oxygen.


OxyCycler AT42N & A-Chamber

Control precise nitric oxide levels (PPM scale) in vascular studies with OxyCycler AT42N & A-Chamber. Program the OxyCycler AT42N & A-Chamber for in vivo NO models at less than 300 PPM.

Discover More

Customer Publications

Discover 1800+ vascular research studies citing BioSpherix equipment in their Materials & Methods

Blog Posts

CytoCentric Blog – More Tips for Extreme Oxygen Studies: Anoxia, Hypoxia, Physioxia and Hyperphysioxia

CytoCentric Blog – Oxygen Terminology: Should We Call Physiologic Oxygen Hypoxia, Normoxia, Physioxia, or Something Else?

CytoCentric Blog – The Biology of HIF Proteins Impacts the Outcome of Your Experiments in Physiologic Oxygen: Considerations for protocol design

Lab References

Vascular Research at Johns Hopkins University

Vascular Research at SUNY Upstate Medical University

Vascular Research at Boston Children’s Hospital

Press Release

The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2019 – awarded jointly to William G. Kaelin Jr., Sir Peter J. Ratcliffe and Gregg L. Semenza “for their discoveries of how cells sense and adapt to oxygen availability”