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Immunology

Immunology Unlike any other cell type, immune cells traverse blood, lymph, and tissues, and so, they are uniquely exposed to all of the different oxygen levels in the body (physioxia). Ischemic injury and tumors can produce oxygen levels that are particularly low...

Physiologic Oxygen

Physiologic Oxygen / Physioxia Deepen your understanding of how physioxia affects cell function and scientific reproducibility below. Oxygen is an important modulator of cell function yet most in vitro research occurs under Supraphysiologic levels (ambient air –...

Stem Cell

Stem Cell Learn how stem cell cultures benefit from physiologic oxygen with the information below. Oxygen is a fundamental part of the stem cell niche. Physiologic O2 levels are far below those provided in most stem cell experiments (room air – 21% oxygen). In...